In this chapter we will see how water
and its three states of matter play a big role in our daily lives. Even
though all the three of matter of water have the same molecule, they
can be different at some point. For example it takes more
energy to change liquid water to steam than to melt ice at 0 c. The
liquid water state lies in between solid and gas, but not midway
between. But liquid is more similar to solid than to ice.
States
is in terms of closely packed, highly ordered particles in contrast to
widely spaced, randomly particles of gas. The liquid states between
both, with more disorder arrangement than for the solid state and with
some empty spaces. Those are just some of the important properties of
liquids and solids.
13.1 WATER AND ITS PHASE CHANGES
There are many solids and also gases at the atmosphere, but the liquid
we most see is water. It is one of the most important substances on
earth. It is important for sustaining reactions in our bodies that keep
us alive. One water phase change is when you heat liquid water, what
happens? First the temperature of the water rises. Now the motion of the
water molecules increase, then when the temperature reaches 100 c, the
water starts boiling, the temperature remains at 100 c. Until all the
water has change to gaseous state. That is how liquid water can change
from liquid to gaseous state. Another water phase occurs when liquid
water is cooled to 0 c where the water starts to freeze. But until all
the liquid water has change to ice, then the temperature starts
decreasing again. Now the water is no longer liquid it has change states
to solid ice. At temperatures below 0 c liquid water freezes and above 0
c ice melts. But water expands when it freezes. That is because ice at 0
c has a greater volume than one gram of liquid water at 0 c.
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